Goal and rock drill



.-BfLEoN-ARD. Goal and Rock Drin.

- N0.224,30 O. a Patented Feb. 10,1880.

'I Bernard Z'Fmzar'kl N. PETERS, PHQTO-LITHOGRAPHER. wAsHxNGToN. n GAUNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

BERNARD LEONARD, E MAHANoY o1rY,'PENNsYLvANIA.

COAL AND ROCK DRILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.v 224,300, datedFebruary 10, 1880.

l I Application filed November 6, 1879. l

' tion of the invention, such as will en able others skilled in the artto which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being hadtothe accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon,which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to an improvement in rock and coal drills and itconsists in a series of ribs fastened on the outer end of the hollowtube in which'the drill is operated, havown way in and fastens itself,so that the drill' can be effectively operated, all of which will bemore fully hereinafterdescribed.

In the drawings, Figure l 'is avertical section of my invention. Fig. 2is a ydetail view ofthe combined cutting and fastening ribs. Fig. 3 is apartial vertical section of the threaded sleeve with shaft, and Fig. ,4detail views of the ri-bs detached from the tube. A is a tubular casing,designed to support the drill mechanism, and in contact withrthe rock orcoal to be drilled. It is constructed with a series of holes, a, nearits outer. end, through which the borings may escape and relieve thedrill from liability to pack. It is also provided with a set-screw, a',near its inner end, for the purposes hereinafter set forth:

b b b are a series of lugs or ribs rigidly attached to and parallel withthe outer end of the tube A between the openings or holes a. Their endsproject beyond the end of the tube A, and are constructed with cuttingedges or points b', so that when the latter is turned they will cut andlet it into the coal or rock.

The ribs b are also made tapering to their outer end on their upperside, whereon a thread, b2, is cut, and in such relation to each rib asto form a continuous thread orscreW around them all, whereby, When thetube is turned to` cut its way in the rock or coal by means of lthecutters b it is at the same time yfastened tube in its desired positionby means of a wedge, b3, whichslides into a groove or channel, b5,formed on vthe outer side of the said tube parallel with and between twoof the ribs b. The Wedge is employed as an additional security, and ischiefly serviceable in soft coal, where there is not suflicient solidityto hold the threads on the ribs I). I attach to the Wedge a cord orrope, b, which Vis Vcarried back along the tube torany desired length,and is used `to draw out the `wedge for the purpose of releasing thetube.

"c is a threaded hollow sleeve, having on its outer end a crank-wheel,c. c? is a shaft, which is xed and made to turn in the sleeve c. ltsends project beyond the ends of the sleeve, and are made square or othersuitable shape, to receive on the inner one a drill and on the outer acrank. v

c3 is a nut run on the thread of the sleeve o, and-made to tit in theouter end of the tube, where it is fastened by the set-screw a', when sodesired, to hold the mechanism for drilling.

c4 is the bit, made auger-shaped, with a socket on'one end, which ts onthe end of the drillshaft, and having its opposite end constructed withtwo series of cutting-edges, c5, formed at right anglesl to its axis orcenter of motion, and arranged in step form, extending from the point orcenter c6 backward and outward toits rim or edge, thus forming the bitwitha conical-shaped end, as shown. By this construction I provide a bitthat, in drilling, if a small particle of hard substance is struck anddulls the bit on one of its edges, it can readily and IOO quickly besharpened without dressing the whole surface edge or edges of the bit,as is the case with those of ordinary construction.

c7 is a crank of ordinary construction, adjustable to the outer end ot'the shaft c2.

It will be readily Vseen I operate my device by first screwing thecutters b of the tube A against the coal or rock, which cuts a hole justlarge enough to admit the cutters and receive thetuhe. As it is screwedin theincline or taper of the ribs tends to wedge them lnore securelyin. After the tube is thus fastened I then insert the drill mechanism,as shown in Fig. 1, and fasten it firmly by screwing the set-screw a' onthe nut c3. The crank c7 is now placed on the shaft c2. Turning thecrank c7 turns the drill, which is fed by turning the sleeve in the nutc3 by the crank-wheel c.

For soft coal and stone I employ the ordiilary shaft, in connection withmy invention, composed ot' a bar having a thread cnt on it to receive anut similar to that of c3, and having both ends constructed to receive acrankor bit, so that when the shaft is run up in the nut it may be takenont and reversed and work continued without running the shaft out again.

By having a cylindrical casing with short tapering and threaded ribs bon itsinner end, as described, I am enabled to provide a device whichmay be inserted to any depth into the coal or rock.

The ribs project outward from the tube and cut a larger hole, into whichthe said tube will easily slide. 'lhe severe strain made upon the deviceoften breaks the hold of the screw b2, which necessitates the drivingot' the tube deeper into coal or rock. In drilling deep holes it isoften necessary to keep turning the casing until it will be forced farinto the coal in order to maintain its hold.

By the construction hereinbefore described I can employ a tube of anydesired length,

which could be driven its Whole length into the coal, the short ribs yonits end serving as the retaining means.

It will be further seen that the casingAcan bc made of any desiredlength, and made to follow the drill into the coal, so that the lengthof screw between the nut 03 and bit c4 may be preserved at shortpurchase at all times.

The channel or groove b5 is arranged between two of the ribs b, asshown, so that the force of the wedge, when driven in, will be exertedagainst the ribs on the opposite side of the tube. This arrangementprevents the tilting of the casing out of a directline with the drillbitwhen the wedge is employed as a fastening means. The ribs b areatt-ached to the casing A by rivets or other suitable means, so thatthey may be removed by a cold-chisel or other' device when worn andunserviceable. Other ribs may be supplied at small cost to replace thoseremoved.

I am aware that it is not new in coal and rock drills to have a taperingcylinder with cutting-teeth on its end and screw-threads formed aroundit, and longitudinal grooves or channels formed at right angles acrosssaid screw-thread to receive the chippings or cnttings, and I do notclaim such construction; but

What I do claim is- As an improvement in coal-drills, the casing A,provided with the removable and interchangeable cntting-ribs b b',substantially as set forth'.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this22d day of October, 1879.

BERNARD LEONARD.

Witnesses:

PATRICK GAssERLY, SOLOMON P. MITCHELL.

